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GCSE Economics · AQA

AQA GCSE Economics revision

Every topic of the AQA GCSE Economics (8136) specification in order, with notes and practice questions. Subtopics marked free have their notes and questions on this site.

Topic 1: Economic foundations

There are 4 parts: we start with scarcity, choice and opportunity cost, and finish with positive and normative statements and how economists use models.

  1. 1.1Scarcity, choice and opportunity cost36 questions
  2. 1.2Factors of production and their rewards45 questions
  3. 1.3Economic agents (households, firms, government) and rational decision-making43 questions
  4. 1.4Positive and normative statements and how economists use models66 questions

Topic 2: Resource allocation

There are 2 parts: we start with economic foundations and resource allocation, and finish with specialisation, division of labour and exchange.

  1. 2.1Economic foundations and resource allocationFree 36 questions
  2. 2.2Specialisation, division of labour and exchange32 questions

Topic 3: How prices are determined

There are 5 parts: we start with demand, supply and price, and finish with applying supply and demand analysis.

  1. 3.1Demand, supply and price37 questions
  2. 3.2Price elasticity of demand: calculating, interpreting and its determinantsFree 29 questions
  3. 3.3Price elasticity of supply and income elasticity of demand27 questions
  4. 3.4Related markets: joint, composite and competitive demand and supply, and derived demand64 questions
  5. 3.5Applying supply and demand analysis: a changing market case study (housing, oil or concert tickets)32 questions

Topic 4: Production, costs, revenue and profit

There are 4 parts: we start with production and productivity, and finish with economies and diseconomies of scale.

  1. 4.1Production and productivity: labour-intensive and capital-intensive methodsFree 37 questions
  2. 4.2Fixed, variable, total and average costs: calculations43 questions
  3. 4.3Revenue, profit and loss, and break-even: calculations and interpretation50 questions
  4. 4.4Economies and diseconomies of scale30 questions

Topic 5: Competitive and concentrated markets

There are 5 parts: we start with production, competition and market failure, and finish with competition policy, regulation and case study of dominant firms (supermarkets or digital platforms).

  1. 5.1Production, competition and market failure35 questions
  2. 5.2Competitive markets and firms' objectives: profit, market share, survival and social aimsFree 55 questions
  3. 5.3Business growth: organic growth, mergers, takeovers and integration39 questions
  4. 5.4Monopoly, oligopoly and concentration ratios39 questions
  5. 5.5Competition policy, regulation and case study of dominant firms (supermarkets or digital platforms)59 questions

Topic 6: Market failure

There are 4 parts: we start with externalities, and finish with government failure and case study evaluation (sugar tax, plastic bag charge or congestion charging).

  1. 6.1Externalities: private and social costs and benefitsFree 57 questions
  2. 6.2Public goods, the free-rider problem, and merit and demerit goods43 questions
  3. 6.3Information failure and government responses: taxes, subsidies, regulation and maximum and minimum prices44 questions
  4. 6.4Government failure and case study evaluation (sugar tax, plastic bag charge or congestion charging)34 questions

Topic 7: Introduction to the national economy

There are 6 parts: we start with the national economy and government objectives, and finish with inflation, deflation and the Consumer Prices Index.

  1. 7.1The national economy and government objectivesFree 19 questions
  2. 7.2The circular flow of income and aggregate demand and supply52 questions
  3. 7.3Economic growth, GDP and the economic cycle36 questions
  4. 7.4Unemployment: types, causes and measurement79 questions
  5. 7.5Distribution of income and wealth, inequality and poverty43 questions
  6. 7.6Inflation, deflation and the Consumer Prices Index: measuring and calculatingFree 61 questions

Topic 8: Government objectives and interventions

There are 3 parts: we start with fiscal policy, and finish with supply-side policies and evaluating policy conflicts and trade-offs.

  1. 8.1Fiscal policy: taxation, government spending and the budget85 questions
  2. 8.2Monetary policy: interest rates and the Bank of England50 questions
  3. 8.3Supply-side policies and evaluating policy conflicts and trade-offs35 questions

Topic 9: International trade and the global economy

There are 5 parts: we start with international trade, money and markets, and finish with balance of payments, trade balance and case study of the UK or China's trade.

  1. 9.1International trade, money and markets60 questions
  2. 9.2Globalisation, multinational companies and the benefits and costs of tradeFree 59 questions
  3. 9.3Protectionism, tariffs, quotas and trading blocs34 questions
  4. 9.4Exchange rates: causes of change and effects on trade75 questions
  5. 9.5Balance of payments, trade balance and case study of the UK or China's trade39 questions

Topic 10: The role of money and financial markets

There are 4 parts: we start with the functions and characteristics of money, and the move to digital payments, and finish with financial markets, risk and return, and case study of the 2008 financial crisis.

  1. 10.1The functions and characteristics of money, and the move to digital paymentsFree 39 questions
  2. 10.2Banks, financial institutions and the role of the central bank40 questions
  3. 10.3Saving, borrowing and interest: simple and compound interest calculations58 questions
  4. 10.4Financial markets, risk and return, and case study of the 2008 financial crisis62 questions

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